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Questions on topic Theory of evolution from class 11 chemistry

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Q1. What is the primary mechanism of evolution proposed by Charles Darwin?
Natural selection
Genetic drift
Mutation
Migration
Q2. Which of the following best describes 'survival of the fittest'?
The strongest organisms survive
The most adaptable organisms survive
The fastest organisms survive
The largest organisms survive
Q3. What role do mutations play in evolution?
They are harmful and should be eliminated
They introduce new genetic variation
They have no effect on evolution
They only occur in humans
Q4. Which concept explains the gradual changes in species over time?
Punctuated equilibrium
Stabilizing selection
Gradualism
Disruptive selection
Q5. What is speciation?
The process of natural selection
The formation of new and distinct species
The extinction of a species
The adaptation to a new environment
Q6. Which of the following provides evidence for evolution?
Fossil records
Comparative anatomy
Molecular biology
All of the above
Q7. Which scientist is known for the theory of punctuated equilibrium?
Charles Darwin
Stephen Jay Gould
Jean-Baptiste Lamarck
Alfred Russel Wallace
Q8. What does the term 'adaptive radiation' refer to?
The extinction of many species
The rapid evolution of diversely adapted species from a common ancestor
The process of natural selection
The gradual change of a single species
Q9. Which type of selection favors intermediate phenotypes?
Directional selection
Stabilizing selection
Disruptive selection
Sexual selection
Q10. What is the significance of genetic drift in evolution?
It leads to adaptation
It causes random changes in allele frequencies
It promotes natural selection
It has no significance